![机械设计手册:单行本·轴承(第六版)](https://wfqqreader-1252317822.image.myqcloud.com/cover/643/29976643/b_29976643.jpg)
4.4 典型轴承的性能曲线及计算示例
(1)径向轴承的示意图与几何关系(表8-1-106)
表8-1-106 径向轴承的示意图与几何关系
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124001.jpg?sign=1739137477-CmYe1tmCD28BF638lT6jnNrhuJkakb3u-0-ecabbbee90241d137b7c3898c4ad36d4)
(2)无限宽径向轴承性能计算(表8-1-107)
表8-1-107 无限宽径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D>2的轴承近似看作无限宽轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00124002.jpg?sign=1739137477-HJfcLz5QhwBJ95ELVZHCVGcF42I802xC-0-19008ac02c26f53876ad05139b7b5e87)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125001.jpg?sign=1739137477-ItoP4HpQIgq1jBr0VgtCpTyV4mzW7MS4-0-dd7ee04fe4589041b28efedfe14e9b18)
(3)无限窄径向轴承性能计算
表8-1-108 无限窄径向轴承性能计算(通常可将宽径比B/D<0.4的轴承近似地看作无限窄轴承)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00125002.jpg?sign=1739137477-jMRQxWul76INBfKeR0qpyRWeP2Lpfapi-0-56a8e19600e8c5106f2006b95509653e)
注:z为轴承宽度方向的坐标,原点取在轴承宽度的中点。
(4)单油楔径向轴承的性能计算
例1 设计汽轮机转子的液体动压润滑轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min,轴承为自动调心式,在水平中分面两侧供油,进油温度控制在40℃左右。
例题计算过程可按图8-1-18框图进行。计算结果见表8-1-109,方案1温升过高,应采用方案2。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00126002.jpg?sign=1739137477-r4Y6JUo9RcFX4IdHe2VdRVo1TbZjF5un-0-af0bcfdc3d2a9c5b697e34cfaf6ebea6)
图8-1-18 计算框图
表8-1-109 单油楔径向轴承性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00127001.jpg?sign=1739137477-w7LSVUoMlQcPFK7Xj1iA3r1A2aOzfugt-0-036506fbbfc726c6bbffee044ed2bbda)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128001.jpg?sign=1739137477-RTXZTusgtoNh6x216Ks6G6NvojsVSACM-0-d9d0207a74d1813e3bc0a537fa5d4f11)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00128002.jpg?sign=1739137477-AUjDeSXN3FNf7n99ymLJrwIbmNoIcWDl-0-ff45490327cfaf654f4c8a179ac92335)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00129001.jpg?sign=1739137477-Kdoki1APyrMOe6eIzeMCelGqF6oymnJh-0-b2aa0c86fcf2e3ac2b1860a6d05c4022)
图8-1-19 Cp-ε(实线)、Cμ-ε(虚线)关系曲线
(5)多油楔液体动压径向轴承
1)椭圆轴承的性能计算
例2 设计汽轮机转子的椭圆轴承。已知:轴承直径D=30cm,载荷F=65000N,转速n=3000r/min;在水平中分面两侧供油,供油压力ps=10N/cm2,进油温度为40℃。
设计过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-110。
表8-1-110 椭圆轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00130001.jpg?sign=1739137477-HCagSnbmuy3YvuK7FlIBqA4P7ikoSOBD-0-9f3c242b39344ad120a828620b56ed96)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131001.jpg?sign=1739137477-iYqXFm8CKZuTuJ7TAEj00uXyoiuqnUcC-0-c917f08bd0f5f7446bac01adb1840462)
图8-1-20
εi—两偏心率中的大者;—流量系数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131003.jpg?sign=1739137477-E8P3keuBZD8hvcVNXR2gnKOgy2lFtqQu-0-0492feda2ba144f673468538091de4f2)
图8-1-21 椭圆轴承的流量系数和功耗系数kN
2)可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
例3 计算一鼓风机的五瓦可倾瓦径向轴承。已知:轴颈直径D=80mm,转速n=11500r/mim,宽径比B/D=0.4,间隙比ψ=0.002;转子重量F=1250N。进油温度希望在40℃左右,瓦的布置如图8-1-22所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131005.jpg?sign=1739137477-aZH9umXGGzfOhvcUbxvAysJalI5Wza4E-0-d683b4091d025405ee9e686e02b557d7)
图8-1-22 例3可倾瓦径向轴承的布置
设计计算过程框图参见图8-1-18。计算结果见表8-1-111。
表8-1-111 可倾瓦径向轴承的性能计算
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00131006.jpg?sign=1739137477-Tt0Rxy0DiBhOBkfidBQGkrFX4IfRZdPI-0-c01ce9b986a1f27232d7363ef926a266)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00132001.jpg?sign=1739137477-UEsx65tyHfO2YdTL9z9dlnE292bRiXAG-0-bc30527fb642657897ecc511c2c51b6b)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133001.jpg?sign=1739137477-BcPzgmbY60KfjANA8GEgU91nIOMe3UZu-0-edeaaa87472330d8aaab08d07bb41f35)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133002.jpg?sign=1739137477-PMCnIt7n4hSohwoydfRQl7J0TwKMJ9ws-0-96c13ac03ec2d611c3607bd65951dec0)
图8-1-23 可倾瓦径向轴承的特征系数和支点位置
kF—载荷系数;kN—功耗系数;kt—温升系数;kQ—流量系数;kh—最小油膜厚度系数;B—瓦的宽度
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00133003.jpg?sign=1739137477-hTF3m3CjzZxjh2Rs2YA0VCb299pf8xeC-0-3b25ee9a92fd60e10d5746d7402474be)
图8-1-24 可倾瓦径向轴承的偏心率ε、系数[khh2min/c]、[Δtkkt/pm]与承载特性系数Cp的关系曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/808488/16499785005919706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/img00134001.jpg?sign=1739137477-XRCydISO0z8kExo1p8dPC1kq5lQzKlys-0-ffffaa9b0d2a4ae173fb828939dd677d)
图8-1-25 可倾瓦径向轴承的系数、[Fmax/F]与承载系数Cp的关系曲线