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3.4 上机实训一——绘制会议桌椅平面图
本节通过绘制会议桌椅平面图,对本章所讲述的点、线、弧等多种绘图工具进行综合练习和巩固应用。会议桌椅平面图的最终绘制效果如图3-61所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_77_4.jpg?sign=1739230993-yoioryyVDTmeb9PERNRptULlxzEnzwga-0-bc572e5ff8826ae838f8b64e60ca54b1)
图3-61 会议桌椅平面图的最终绘制效果
操作步骤
Step 01 单击“标准”工具栏→“新建”按钮,新建绘图文件。
Step 02 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“图形界限”命令,设置图形界限为750x750,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_1.jpg?sign=1739230993-0hatvwMYqLF8K4X6l1ptj3ZU2KFcZKHX-0-564bd40578d89012cd3fe8b276f47843)
Step 03 按“Z”快捷键激活“视图缩放”功能,将图形界限最大化显示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_3.jpg?sign=1739230993-KmtGB0A4WEbJrNWNtDpYPdSX7qqoL4KR-0-acbea07403361b64e14361fc29a3f7cb)
正在重生成模型。
Step 04 激活状态栏上的“极轴追踪”和“对象捕捉”功能,并设置极轴角参数和对象捕捉模式参数,如图3-62和图3-63所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_5.jpg?sign=1739230993-OhlWxZAXhKckwXuhtmjMriIy6CNMFTH3-0-a78f84cd541b3eea8a2a13afc16298e6)
图3-62 设置极轴角参数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_6.jpg?sign=1739230993-qclXZn4m6Rd2qDLIvEeWy4KNZuKNO0Lz-0-44411fb4b62ca059a3410df94ebc439d)
图3-63 设置对象捕捉模式参数
Step 05 单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“多段线”按钮,配合极轴追踪功能绘制会议椅的轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_9.jpg?sign=1739230993-wOYtiESSMw4L93fcEQbYS2Ut0jc0IOuF-0-2f3fd1f30a06cde5cacad4e9bee4383f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_10.jpg?sign=1739230993-eY941WlHFpDFPRohVryS1GXqriO13zQ9-0-1b5d1035d679d6c2c5636ba1a9e8bc5f)
图3-64 垂直向下引出追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_11.jpg?sign=1739230993-VLJgKJ9oFpelJy19mZ8tRHEcSaUukF00-0-9d699007367db859ff64c2474ab1f78e)
图3-65 水平向右引出追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_1.jpg?sign=1739230993-KK7vIW2kHcTzrzvtLwQVKiTN8b2TJCAW-0-7d069e71dd1fd50b16ad6ebe782611bb)
Step 06 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合端点捕捉功能,分别连接内轮廓线上侧的两个端点,绘制如图3-67所示的直线。
Step 07 选择菜单栏中的“工具”→“新建UCS”→“原点”命令,捕捉中点1如图3-68所示,作为新坐标系的原点。定义UCS结果如图3-69所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_4.jpg?sign=1739230993-dEOu279jTEjMuW7A71n2uW8LfHodUGzZ-0-c414374a84f42f2e803a8854c944960f)
图3-66 绘制会议椅轮廓线结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_5.jpg?sign=1739230993-oELl4BL5zI8aFFj9bAjeKJuTKNgUH4nv-0-d478031960b2212461e5df5995da5f35)
图3-67 绘制直线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_6.jpg?sign=1739230993-xXTVEgjN04wnvCoEGjVfwDSmftNZcE6B-0-ca8045ff40b2a26d98ad15c53ea52082)
图3-68 捕捉中点1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_7.jpg?sign=1739230993-ri52xw4HyCG0IRuov9BFtuqY6CziaRL1-0-a1d573e6213fb2d1ec18fe498e1b003f)
图3-69 定义UCS结果
Step 08 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆弧”→“三点”命令,配合点的坐标输入功能,绘制内部的弧形轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_9.jpg?sign=1739230993-w1U6ZLEyHK7omSItgqi3b5Np4VkD2BUw-0-386f5fbf2e34e66084c52cbfb93a8c37)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_1.jpg?sign=1739230993-Yy6d4qrodyVMSUEs8A5suffDRzU6qbpU-0-c30fb78540923ab2258153371e0f827c)
图3-70 绘制结果
Step 09 选择菜单栏中的“工具”→“新建UCS”→“世界”命令,将当前坐标系恢复为世界坐标系。操作结果如图3-71所示。
Step 10 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“块”→“创建”命令,在打开的“块定义”对话框中设置参数,如图3-72所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_4.jpg?sign=1739230993-8QXdpq2Jb36QbxGBOgYSVZNataxUKbPI-0-e6a9a15f85f328293a8ee9668b38f0ea)
图3-71 操作结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_5.jpg?sign=1739230993-E79u7MZJa5BtAEYRHeBeDofwM5fhwo0L-0-84fa45f750a30858df282cd78b262d3a)
图3-72 设置参数
Step 11 在“基点”选项组中单击“拾取点”按钮,返回绘图区捕捉如图3-73所示的中点作为块的基点。
Step 12 在“对象”选项组中单击“选择对象”按钮,返回绘图区拉出如图3-74所示的窗交选择框,将椅子图形创建为图块。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_10.jpg?sign=1739230993-6C025c04JmpjaGpI1eRh6FnrAGyHLPxZ-0-ce6f82168854daeff7c7119a50418836)
图3-73 捕捉中点2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_11.jpg?sign=1739230993-1hWrq9rcMOmNPU9QXGkQBr4dgQTXX5Kv-0-6f39c9d9a6752dab01b1b27bc2553be7)
图3-74 窗交选择框
Step 13 按“Z”快捷键激活“视图缩放”命令,将新视图的高度调整为6000个绘图单位。
Step 14 执行“直线”命令,配合坐标输入功能绘制会议桌轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_14.jpg?sign=1739230993-RBzg8h1zudxTbCDcNefV44xQhp5dbTgb-0-d023e2fd3660de510a7d644348f49817)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_1.jpg?sign=1739230993-CYuQ5sM9b6wqvLiIEoctRIwuEuDDlTqe-0-b425d4fa34c19f1a5ad58628c1c4a3fa)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_2.jpg?sign=1739230993-5JCx78cZdWxJChF5CouR3luGpcldC70V-0-8fa7fa5cfa596b216ea3e954c6921db0)
图3-75 绘制会议桌轮廓线结果
Step 15 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“多线样式”命令,在打开的“多线样式”对话框中单击按钮,设置多线的封口形式,如图3-76所示。修改后的样式预览效果如图3-77所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_5.jpg?sign=1739230993-sXOZuQAjQt6TeaHSsOyktlHt2n75pcfZ-0-fd78116392ba57cba12e1c33230b6cf5)
图3-76 设置封口形式
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_6.jpg?sign=1739230993-WGu6sfmHPE7UgWIiNcEawwSbMgPy4T9K-0-b8a3f74428be0d5b33dc2ab1684e0083)
图3-77 修改后的样式预览效果
Step 16 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“多线”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制会议桌内部轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_8.jpg?sign=1739230993-2t2ndMB9XuZIMBAJPSS0FKb3P5grnTjs-0-e48422a12787ab0acf3f1fc197d7bd07)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_9.jpg?sign=1739230993-tFD9BlEeAPRWwq87ua6ZemjLUmWEYwWE-0-90c7ffa27b3c24107d30480857629f31)
图3-78 捕捉端点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_10.jpg?sign=1739230993-SFeLCVvV2HgMKa8mWQvMGZzyQR8ZZw2l-0-98ad4b17c3ccc8757ce875feefe80944)
图3-79 会议桌内部轮廓线绘制结果
Step 17 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆弧”→“三点”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制会议桌两侧的弧形轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_2.jpg?sign=1739230993-22AzwiaptJHTAObPcPizWxeJxgx6bMuF-0-cf161b784b07cae80b7eba8e85cf2bbf)
Step 18 在无命令执行的前提下,选择会议桌两侧的两条水平轮廓线,使其夹点显示,如图3-81所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_4.jpg?sign=1739230993-ZqQCObTuuv2X61PM8f8oxgGOhZ2Mu4G0-0-9b94fa0966faf08fea478ff42bcb0ad2)
图3-80 会议桌两侧的弧形轮廓线绘制结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_5.jpg?sign=1739230993-ahaZcYkU8bBm33fnUxqJkYxi2N8LcgMV-0-3f8fbf84227d40b450a36c727c6ad8a1)
图3-81 夹点显示
Step 19 按“Delete”键,删除两条夹点显示的水平边,删除结果1如图3-82所示。
Step 20 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“偏移”命令,将偏移距离设置为200个绘图单位,将会议桌外侧轮廓线向外偏移。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_8.jpg?sign=1739230993-NWswQm40W0pMh8qCaiIooy9XqCM36Ncn-0-abbd9affc3389ea8efd64d5ee55db215)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_1.jpg?sign=1739230993-xiAopNBzESDiS3YGA1XS8cpXDkXF68Kt-0-714c3d338ff84e0ddafb5b8121961f65)
图3-82 删除结果1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_2.jpg?sign=1739230993-UTycjVEAei9psUgR6CqDnF8cMJDriaJH-0-e712aabc4ee495eb04666c4839722af7)
图3-83 偏移结果
Step 21 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“点”→“定数等分”命令,为会议桌布置会议椅。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_4.jpg?sign=1739230993-CUHHeGkdlW0k2uSUAatbgfRbYS8anCgb-0-0df44d754eb7788df5a610d205f7d607)
Step 22 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“点”→“定距等分”命令,继续为会议桌布置会议椅。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_6.jpg?sign=1739230993-iMVUCM7zotW2YwqMtfhYIKCZ0wYlWCsS-0-b0ce82c63653a0e39e7fc444246f776e)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_7.jpg?sign=1739230993-l0ZGbAFqF0TLGcBeozB9i4aovie9FlMq-0-5ec18a5b0de12ed291cf9ad5d493ad1d)
图3-84 定数等分结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_8.jpg?sign=1739230993-sAFWoSpV2ec8cMuQDpM1mqvxRIE3jzqo-0-74a08c59d025a04a3c6bb6708033221d)
图3-85 定距等分结果
Step 23 按“E”快捷键激活“删除”命令,删除偏移出的四条辅助图线,删除结果2如图3-86所示。
Step 24 执行“保存”命令,将图形命名存储为“上机实训一.dwg”。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_84_1.jpg?sign=1739230993-cWVcuqJsPs9d2c8Lw6qYg8JPshdiD9fU-0-3184325417bb214e32a98f94c07a4df7)
图3-86 删除结果2