Using Nmap to perform host discovery (layers 2/3/4)

Network Mapper (Nmap) is one of the most effective and functional tools in Kali Linux. Nmap can be used to perform a large range of different scanning techniques and is highly customizable. This tool will be addressed frequently throughout the course of this book. In this recipe, we will discuss how to use Nmap to perform layer 2 scanning with ARP, layer 3 scanning with ICMP, and layer 4 scanning utilizing TCP/UDP.